Biblical Archaeology_A Very Short Introduction Page 15
Tel Miqne/Ekron Inscription
Elad Foundation, 58
Electric resistivity, 67, 133
England, 21, 59, 96. See also Britain
Epic of Gilgamesh, 37, 74
Esarhaddon, 62
Esdraelon, 20
Essene(s), 95, 97, 98, 111, 112
Esther, Book of, 7, 96
Exodus, 1, 3, 24, 71, 72, 76
F
Finkelstein, Israel, 51, 55, 56, 63, 64, 65, 77
First Jewish Revolt, 47, 53, 96, 103, 108, 133
First Temple, 100, 122, 132. See also Solomon’s Temple;
Temple of Solomon
Fisher, Clarence, 28
Flavius Josephus, 47. See also Josephus
Flavius Silva, 48
Flood, 71, 72, 73, 74
G
Galilee, 9, 16, 20, 51, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108. See also Sea of Galilee
Galilee Boat, 9, 106, 107
Ganor, Amir, 128
Garden of Eden, 71
Garfinkel, Yossi, 131
Garstang, John, 40, 41, 42, 43
Gath, 62, 131. See also Tell Safi
Gath, Yosef, 104
Gaza, 62
Geological Survey of Israel, 119, 124, 126
German Protestant Institute of Archaeology, 35
German Society for the Exploration of Palestine, 24
Gezer, 6, 19, 23, 25, 26, 27, 28, 31, 35, 45, 46, 65
Gezer Calendar, 26, 27, 135
Ghatas, Marco Samah Shoukri, 128. See also Sammech, Marko
Gibson, Shimon, 110, 111
Gihon Spring, 18
Gilgamesh, 27, 74
Giloh, 55
Gitin, Sy, 55, 62
Giza, 26
Glacis, 44
Glueck, Nelson, 35, 36, 51, 61
Golan (Heights), 51
Golan, Oded, 118, 119, 120, 127, 128
Goliath, 131
Gomorrah, 71
Goren, Yuval, 121, 125, 126
Gottwald, Norman, 77
Greece, 3, 8, 9, 41, 46, 98
Ground-penetrating radar, 67, 133
H
Harvard Semitic Museum, 46
Harvard University, 26, 38, 53, 55, 126
Hazor, 6, 19, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 65, 78, 119
Hebrew Union College, 35, 46, 60, 61
Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 38, 42, 43, 55, 62, 65, 92, 123, 131
Hellenistic period, 36, 59, 64, 105
Herod, 9, 47, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103
Herod’s Temple, 101. See also Second Temple
Herodium, 101, 102
Heshbon, 50
Hesi, Tell el-, 21, 23, 31, 53, 54
Hezekiah, 8, 19, 62, 83, 85, 86
Hezekiah’s Tunnel, 8
Hinnom Valley, 8, 89
Historical Geography of the Holy Land, 19
Hittite, 32
Holy Land, 1, 4, 13, 14, 18, 19, 20, 22, 24, 30, 31, 33, 39, 51, 53, 68, 98, 108, 118, 131, 133
Horowitz, Avigdor, 126
House of David, 7, 18, 60, 61, 80. See also Beit David
I
Ilan, David, 60
‘Ir David, 58
Iraq, 7, 24, 29, 84
Isaac, 75
Isaiah, Book of, 92
Islamic Waqf, 123, 132. See also Waqf
Israel, 1, 2, 6, 7, 9, 16, 17, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 34, 37, 38, 43, 44, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 53, 55, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61, 65, 66, 71, 76, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 88, 89, 98, 106, 113, 117, 120, 122, 123, 125, 126
Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA), 31, 104, 106, 109, 111, 120, 121, 125, 127
Israel Defense Forces (IDF), 42, 43
Israel Exploration Society, 51
Israel Museum, 90, 117, 127
Israel Stele, 6, 23
Israelite(s), 3, 6, 7, 17, 18, 34, 40, 41, 42, 44, 57, 71, 74, 76, 77, 78, 79, 82
Italy, 3, 8, 98
Izbet Sartah, 55
J
Jacob, 75
Jacobovici, Simcha, 103, 104, 120
James Ossuary, 115, 118, 119, 121, 122, 123, 125, 127, 128
Jehoash Tablet, 115, 122, 123, 125, 126, 127, 128
Jehoram, 17
Jehu, 7, 60, 83
Jericho, 5, 6, 14, 25, 38, 40, 41, 42, 53, 58, 77, 102
Jeroboam, 25, 37
Jerusalem, 6, 6, 14, 15, 18, 24, 30, 32, 35, 36, 37, 38, 40, 42, 43, 45, 46, 47, 49, 52, 53, 55, 58, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 72, 80, 81, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 92, 95, 96, 99, 100, 101, 104, 105, 109, 110, 113, 115, 116, 117, 119, 122, 123, 124
Jesus, 1, 3, 5, 9, 98, 100, 101, 103, 104, 105, 107, 108, 109, 112, 113, 115, 118, 119, 120, 121. See also Christ
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 132
Jewish Quarter, 52, 53, 85, 87
Jews, 44, 47, 53, 84, 87, 91, 99, 103, 110
Jezebel, 82, 83
Jezreel, 82
Jezreel Valley, 14, 112
John the Baptist, 98, 110, 111
Johns Hopkins University, 31, 32, 61, 126
Joint Expedition (to Samaria), 38
Joram, 60
Jordan, 1, 7, 16, 30, 46, 50, 98, 125, 132
Jordan River, 16, 60
Jordan Valle, 35
Josephus, 47, 48, 53, 95, 101, 102, 103, 105, 110, 112, 133. See also Flavius Josephus
Joshua, 5, 6, 40, 41, 42, 58, 71, 76
Joshua, Book of, 44, 76
Journal of Archaeological Science, 121, 127
Judaea, 20, 50, 51, 95, 99, 100
Judah, 2, 6, 7, 8, 19, 21, 34, 51, 52, 60, 62, 65, 72, 80, 81, 83, 85 86, 87, 88, 116, 122, 123
Judah Maccabee, 46
Judges, Book of, 76
Julius Caesar, 99
K
Kabri, Tel, 22, 67, 68
Kando, 92
Karkar, 82
Kempinski, Aharon, 67
Kenyon Institute, 40. See also British School of Archaeology
Kenyon, Kathleen, 38, 40, 41, 42, 53, 54, 63, 64
Kenyon-Wheeler excavation method, 39, 40, 53
Ketef Hinnom, 89, 94
Khirbat en-Nahas, 132
Khirbet Qeiyafa, 131
Kibbutz Ginnosar, 106, 107
Kidron Valley, 123
Kish, 73
Kitchener, Horatio H., 16, 20, 51
Klein, F. A., 17
Kloner, Amos, 104
Kochavi, Moshe, 51
L
Lachish, 5, 14, 83, 84, 85, 86
Lake Tiberias, 97, 106, 107. See also Sea of Galilee
Land of milk and honey, 66
Large Stone Structure, 63
Laughlin, John, 105
Lawrence, T.E., 35, 51, 73. See also “Lawrence of Arabia”
“Lawrence of Arabia,” 29. See also Lawrence, T.E.
Lazarus, 111
Lebanon, 1, 16, 29
Lemaire, André, 116, 117, 119, 121
Lemche, Niels Peter, 59, 61
Levy, Leon, 55
Levy, Tom, 132
Libby, Willard, 65
Locus (pl. loci), 54
Lost Tomb of Jesus, 1, 103, 120
Louvre, 24
Lufan, Moshe, 106
Lufan, Yuval, 106
Lydia, 23
M
Macalister, Robert Alexander Stewart (R.A.S.), 25, 26, 27, 28, 31, 46,
Maeir, Aren, 131
Magness, Jodi, 104
Magnetometry, 67
Makovsky, Yizhaq, 67
Manchester Institute of Technology, 96
Mari, 44
Mariamne, 99
Mark Antony, 47, 99
Marston, Charles, 42
Marwani mosque, 123
Masada, 47, 48, 49, 99, 100
Maximalists, 59
Mazar, Amihai, 33, 55, 65
Mazar, Benjamin, 52
Mazar, Eilat, 63, 64, 65
McCarter, P. Kyle, 126
Megiddo, 6, 14, 19, 20, 24, 25, 28, 30, 36, 37, 38, 39, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 56, 65, 67, 81, 82, 112, 114, 128
Megiddo Prison, 9,
106
Mendenhall, George, 77
Merneptah, 23, 76
Mesh, 16, 17
Mesha Stele (aka the Mesha Inscription), 7, 17, 18. See also Moabite Stone
Meshorer, Yaakov, 90
Mesopotamia, 5, 44, 72, 73, 75, 86
Meyers, Eric, 105
Minimalists, 59, 61
Miqne, Tel, 55, 61, 62. See also Ekron;
Tel Miqne/Ekron Inscription
miqva’ot, 111
Moab, 16, 17, 35
Moabite, 17
Moabite Stone, 16. See also Mesha Stele
Mosaic, 9, 106, 112, 113, 114
Mount Gerizim, 15
Mount Gilboa, 14
Mount Sinai, 57
Mount Suleiman, 74
Mount Tabor, 14
Muqayyar, Tel, 75
Mutesellim, Tel el-, 14, 20
Mycenaean pottery, 41
N
Nablus, 15
Najjar, Mohammad, 132
National Endowment for the Humanities, 46
National Science Foundation, 46
Naveh, Joseph, 62, 123, 126, 127
Near Eastern Archaeology, 55
Nebuchadnezzar, 8, 53, 62, 72, 80, 86, 87, 88, 91
Negev, 29, 35, 51, 73
Nelson Glueck School of Biblical Archaeology, 36, 61
Neo-Assyrian(s), 4, 5, 7, 8, 19, 36, 52, 62, 72, 81, 82, 83, 85, 86
Neo-Babylonian(s), 4, 5, 8, 52, 53, 57, 62, 72, 80, 81, 86, 87, 91, 100
Netzer, Ehud, 191, 102, 103
New Archaeology, 50, 55
Niemeier, Wolf-Dietrich, 67
Nile River, 23
Nineveh, 7, 84, 85
Noah, 71, 73, 74
Noah’s Ark, 71, 72, 74
Northern Kingdom of Israel, 17, 25, 28, 38, 51
Noth, Martin, 77
O
Ofer, Avi, 51
Office of Strategic Services, 35
Omri, 7, 17, 18, 37, 65, 82, 83
Oriental Institute, 36, 86
Ossuary(ies) 109, 110, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 125, 128
Ossuary of Caiaphas, 9, 109
Ottoman Empire, 16, 24
P
Padi, 62
Paleo-Hebrew, 26, 27, 116, 123
Palestine, 13, 14, 15, 16, 19, 20, 21, 24, 25, 26, 29, 30, 35, 38, 47, 95, 99, 100
Palestine Archaeological Museum, 30, 83
Palestine Exploration Fund (PEF), 14, 21, 29, 38
Paris, 116, 117
Patriarchs, 1, 71, 75, 76
Paul, 97, 98
Pellegrino, Charles, 103
Periclean Building Program, 4
Peter, 98, 105
Petrie, William M.F., 21, 22, 23, 26, 28, 29, 30, 31, 53
Petrography, 66, 133
Phasael, 99
Philistine, 8, 55, 131
Phoenician, 26, 62
Pickering, Kevin, 75
Pitman, Walter, 73
Pittsburgh Theological Seminary, 131
Plague, 4, 86
Pomegranate, 115, 116, 117, 118, 128
Pontius Pilate, 9, 100
Pottery, 22, 23, 26, 32, 35, 38, 41, 44, 51, 57, 63, 64, 65, 73, 91, 95, 103, 108, 131, 132, 133
Pottery seriation, 22, 32, 133
Pottery typology, 22, 32, 133
Pre-Columbian, 4
Processualism, 50
Proto-Canaanite, 132
Q
Qumran, 93, 94, 95, 111, 112
R
Radiocarbon dating, 108, 133
Red Sea, 1
Rehov, Tel, 65, 66
Reich, Roni, 55
Reisner, George, 26, 28, 29
Residue analysis, 66, 133
Revue Biblique, 94
Robinson, Edward, 13, 14, 20, 21, 51
Robinson’s Arch, 14
Rockefeller family, 36
Rockefeller Museum, 83
Roman, 4, 5, 47, 48, 49, 53, 95, 99, 102, 105, 110, 112, 113, 114, 133
Roman period, 1, 106
Rothschild family, 43
Royal Ontario Museum, 120
Ryan, William, 73
S
Safi, Tel, 131. See also Gath
Samaria, 20, 26, 28, 38, 42, 50, 51
Samaritan(s), 15
Sammech, Marko, 128. See also Ghatas, Marco Samah Shoukri
Satellite photography, 67, 133
Schliemann, Heinrich, 25
Schlottmann, Konstantin, 18
Schumacher, Gottlieb, 24, 25, 28, 37, 44, 81
Sea of Galilee, 7, 105, 106, 107, 108. See also Lake Tiberias
Second Jewish Rebellion, 93. See also Bar Kokhba Rebellion
Second Temple, 96, 100, 101, 132, 133. See also Herod’s Temple
Sellin, Ernst, 40
Sennacherib, 7, 8, 19, 62, 72, 83, 84, 85, 86
Sepphoris, 3, 98, 104, 105, 109
Shalem Center, 63
Shalmaneser III, 5, 82, 83
Shanks, Hershel, 115, 116, 118, 119, 121, 122
Sheshonq, 6, 25, 81
Shiloh, 55
Shishak, 6, 25, 81
Sicarii, 47
Siloam Inscription, 8, 18, 19
Siloam Pool, 18
Silver Amulet Scrolls, 8, 89, 97, 122, 129
Silver calf, 57
Silwan, 58
Sinai, 35, 51, 52, 76
Six-Day War, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57
Sixth Legion 113
Smith, Eli, 13, 14
Smith, George Adam, 19, 20, 21
Society of Biblical Literature, 120
Sodom, 71
Solomon, 3, 4, 5, 6, 28, 34, 37, 38, 44, 45, 60, 63, 64, 65, 66, 72, 80, 81, 131, 132
Solomon’s Temple, 100, 115, 116, 118. See also Temple of Solomon;
First Temple
Sons of Darkness, 92, 97
Sons of Light, 92, 97
Sorbonne, 116, 119
Southern Kingdom of Judah, 21, 51, 52
Stables, 37, 101
Stager, Larry, 55, 57, 58
Starkey, James L., 83, 84, 85
Stepped Stone Structure, 42, 63, 64
Stratigraphic(al,) 22, 25, 36, 39, 65
Stratigraphy, 21, 25, 26, 32, 35, 38, 39
Sudan, 26
Sukenik, Eliezer, 43, 92
Syria, 1, 29, 44, 46, 50, 82,
Syria Palestine, 114
Syro-Palestine, 3, 72
Syro-Palestinian archaeology, 1, 55
T
Tabor, James, 111
Talpiot Tomb, 104
Tappy, Ron, 131
Tel Aviv University, 36, 37, 51, 56, 63, 67, 83, 87, 89, 121
Tel Dan Stele, 5, 59, 60, 61, 80, 129
Tel Miqne/Ekron Inscription, 6, 61, 62, 129
Temple Mount, 9, 14, 52, 100, 101, 109, 123, 132
Temple of Solomon, 115. See also Solomon’s Temple;
First Temple
Ten Lost Tribes (of Israel), 71
Texas A&M University, 106
Thanksgiving Scroll, 92
Thompson, C. J., 31
Thompson, Thomas, 59
Three Age System, 31
Thutmose III, 20
Tiberias, 105
Tiberius, 100
Titus, 47, 101
Toombs, Larry, 53, 54
Topographic plan, 54
Transjordan, 35
Turkey, 23, 25, 46, 73, 89, 98
U
United Monarchy, 7, 34, 81
University College London, 75
University of Arizona, 54
University of California at San Diego, 132
University of Chicago, 25, 36, 37, 38, 44, 81
University of Copenhagen, 59
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 104
University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 111
University of Sheffield, 59
University of Southern California, 90
Ur, 29, 75
Ur of the Chaldees, 75
Ussishkin, David, 45, 55, 82, 83, 84, 85
Valley of the Kings. 23
Vaux, Roland de, 94
W
Wachsmann, Shelley, 106, 107, 108
Wadi Arabah, 29
Wall Street Journal, 92
Waqf, 123, 132.
See also Islamic Waqf
War of Independence, 40
War Scroll, 92, 96
Warren, Charles, 14, 15, 18, 21, 40
Warren’s Shaft, 14, 15
Washington, DC, 115
Watzinger, Carl, 25, 40
Wavell, Archibald, 20
West Semitic Research Project, 90, 94
Wheeler, Mortimer, 38, 54
Whitelam, Keith, 59
Wilderness of Zin, 29
Wilfred Laurier University, 53
Wilhelm II, Kaiser, 24
William F. Albright Institute of Archaeological Research, 32. See also American School
Wilson, Charles, 16
Witherington, Ben III, 121, 122
Woodhead, John, 82
Woolley, Leonard, 29, 35, 73, 75
World War I (WW I), 20, 29, 30, 35
World War II (WW II), 35, 36, 40
Wright, G. Ernest, 53
Y
Yadin, Yigael, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49, 64, 78, 92
Yardeni, Ada, 119
Yasur-Landau, Assaf, 67, 68
Yigal Allon Museum, 107
Z
Zayit, Tel, 131
Zertal, Adam, 51, 55
Zias, Joe, 49, 104, 111
Ziusudra, 73
Zuckerman, Bruce, 90
Zuckerman, Kenneth, 90